Reformation
Martin Luther
- Martin Luther was a monk from Germany,born in Saxony in 1483. His invention, the printing press, made it easier to spread his ideas. He started the Reformation. He thought there were some things that weren't right about the the church that he was currently at. He didn't want to start a new church, so he tried to make things better. Martin Luther wanted to take secular music out of the church services. Secular music was bar tunes that were made into a song, but the lyrics were replaced with church-like lyrics. He didn't think that it was respectful to play bar tunes in a church. He also wanted to stop the sale of indulgences. Selling your indulgences was like selling yourself for forgiveness. Martin Luther wanted control, and to ensure the education of the priests. Some priests weren't fully educated. He didn't want to leave the catholic church, nor start a new one. For everyone to see, Martin Luther nailed a list of 95 flaws of the church to the church doors. After he did that, he was excommunicated and he wasn't welcome to the Catholic church anymore. So Luther decided to start a Lutheran church. The people that followed him were called protestants. His act of creating a new church group led to the religious revolution, also known as reformation.
Geography-
These maps are the political and physical maps of Europe.
Religion-
Arts-
An artist named Giotto was one of the first ones to paint with a new style. He lived before the renaissance, but his paintings got people's attention. He changed the style of painting. In 1452, Leonardo de VInci was born. HE was a mater painter. Some people that he had a secret behind the famous painting, Mona Lisa's smile. He painted the Mona Lisa around 1505. Leonard was a "Renaissance Man". He was skilled at many things like painting, sculpting, architecture, music, math, engineering, inventing, anatomy, geology, cartography, and writing. He tried to invent a flying machine so people could fly.
This was Donato Bramante, and he was an architect. He was the one who made the designs of the St. Peter's Basilica.
The music played in this video was the type of music played back then.
During the renaissance, people got together at each others houses to present their music and art to them. It was called a solon. Today, there are salons everywhere, but salons today are used for getting their hair, makeup, and nails done etc. During the renaissance, the ladies used to get together before the presentation to get ready and gossip just like at a present day salon. That's how a 'salon' got its name. Timbre was the music and the quality of a lot of notes. The tone was the individual notes. The mass was the order of the music, service, and words. In church servives, they used bar tunes and changed the lyrics into church songs.
Advancements-
There were many advancements and inventions during the reformation period. One invention that made a lot of things easier was the printing press. The printing press was invented by Martin Luther. It's purpose was to copy different books and that made books cheaper. The printing press also made it easier to spread culture around thorough Europe.
Politics-
This model shows how each social group wanted things to be their way. Of course, the kings wanted everything to stay the same, which wasn't always a good thing. The Catholic Church and protestants wanted little change. The rising middle class people obviously wanted change. They wanted to be rich like all of the other people.
Economics-
The diagram above can also represent economy. The kings want no change and for everything to be the same. The catholic church and protestants want little change. The rising middle class wanted change. They wanted to be the wealthiest people.
Social Structures-
This diagram is what the social structure was during the renaissance period. The pope / Church came first. After that came the nobles, then knights and vassals. Next came the merchants,farmers, and craftsmen. At the bottom were the peasants and serfs. As Pope and Church being at the top, and the peasants and serfs at the bottom.